PostgreSQL

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database

2026-01-12

PostgreSQL 是一个功能强大的开源对象关系数据库系统，经过 30 多年的积极开发，在可靠性、功能稳健性和性能方面赢得了极好的声誉。

准备工作

创建用于存储数据库数据的持久化目录

mkdir -p /share/Container/postgresql

启动服务

Docker Compose

services:
  # PostgreSQL - An object-relational database management system (ORDBMS)
  # https://postgresql.org/docs/current/index.html
  postgres:
    image: postgres  # https://hub.docker.com/_/postgres
    restart: unless-stopped
    ports:
      - 5432:5432
    environment:
      POSTGRES_DB: ${DB_NAME?Variable not set}
      POSTGRES_USER: ${DB_USER?Variable not set}
      POSTGRES_PASSWORD: ${DB_PASSWORD?Variable not set}
    volumes:
      - /share/Container/postgresql:/var/lib/postgresql
    healthcheck:
      test: |
        CMD-SHELL
        pg_isready -U ${DB_USER} -d ${DB_NAME}
      interval: 10s
      timeout: 5s
      retries: 3
      start_period: 15s

  adminer:
    image: adminer
    restart: always
    ports:
      - 8080:8080

Docker CLI

docker run -d \
  -p 5432:5432 \
  -e POSTGRES_DB=db \
  -e POSTGRES_USER=username \
  -e POSTGRES_PASSWORD=password \
  -v /share/Container/postgresql:/var/lib/postgresql \
  --restart unless-stopped \
  --name postgresql \
  postgres

常用命令

连接数据库

docker exec -it postgresql psql -U postgres

备份数据库 (dump)

docker exec postgresql pg_dump -U postgres mydatabase > mydatabase_backup.sql

恢复数据库 (restore)

cat mydatabase_backup.sql | docker exec -i postgresql psql -U postgres -d mydatabase

参考文档

PostgreSQL Docker Official Image